Integrated System for Monitoring Muscular States during Elbow Flexor Resistance Training in Bedridden Patients

Figure 1

Design concepts of the system and data flow in estimation. θ is the elbow joint angle, and ω is the angle velocity. |F_rope| is the resistance force. dL and dL/dt are the length change and change rate of the TheraBand. F_A^m and F_P^m are the active muscle fiber force and passive muscle fiber force. l^m and are the muscle fiber length and velocity. F_i^mt is the optimized MTF. |F_rope| represents mechanical stimuli measured at the body level, and the F_A^m, F_P^m, l^m, and represent mechanical stimuli estimated at the muscle level.