Synthesis and Characterization of Rutile Pigments with Cr and Nb

<table class="table-group" id="tab8"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="8"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td align="left"><svg height="9.38774pt" id="M177" style="vertical-align:-0.04981995pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.33792 8.76219 9.38774" width="8.76219pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0135,0,0,-0.0135,0,0)"><path d="M620 675H597C578 656 570 650 541 650H144C112 650 104 653 94 675H72C59 618 42 552 23 493L53 491C71 534 88 564 105 585C124 608 144 615 238 615H290L197 121C182 40 174 34 88 28L82 0H361L367 28C275 34 266 38 281 121L374 615H441C522 615 543 608 553 583C562 560 566 531 565 493L597 494C603 551 612 629 620 675Z" id="g113-85"></path><glyph.data ascent="3473" descent="-2876" horiz-adv-x="637" vert-adv-y="637"></glyph.data></g></svg> (°C)</td><td align="center">850</td><td align="center">900</td><td align="center">950</td><td align="center">1000</td><td align="center">1050</td><td align="center">1100</td><td align="center">1150</td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="8"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td align="left">
                  Anatase TiO<sub>2</sub></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008a" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008a.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008b" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008b.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008c" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008c.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008d" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008d.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008e" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008e.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008f" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008f.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008g" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008g.jpg"/></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="8"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td align="left">
                  Hydrated anatase paste</td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008h" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008h.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008i" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008i.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008j" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008j.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008k" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008k.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008l" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008l.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008m" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008m.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008n" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008n.jpg"/></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="8"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td align="left">
                  TiOSO<sub>4</sub>·2H<sub>2</sub>O</td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008o" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008o.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008p" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008p.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008q" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008q.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008r" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008r.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008s" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008s.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008t" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008t.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008u" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008u.jpg"/></td></tr><tr><td align="center" colspan="8"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td align="left">
                  Hydrated Na<sub>2</sub>Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>9</sub> paste</td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008v" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008v.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008w" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008w.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008x" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008x.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008y" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008y.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008z" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008z.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008aa" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008aa.jpg"/></td><td align="center"><img alt="705493.table.008ab" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/jic/volume-2014/705493/figures/705493.table.008ab.jpg"/></td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="8"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

Color card of pigments Ti<sub>0.85</sub>Cr<sub>0.05</sub>Nb<sub>0.10</sub><svg height="12.6624pt" id="M176" style="vertical-align:-3.54206pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -9.12034 26.2059 12.6624" width="26.2059pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.0135,0,0,-0.0135,0,0)"><path d="M381 665C170 665 44 498 44 318C44 125 188 -15 369 -15C552 -15 703 117 703 333C703 534 550 665 381 665ZM359 629C491 629 601 517 601 306C601 114 502 21 390 21C249 21 146 158 146 346S248 629 359 629Z" id="g190-80"></path><glyph.data ascent="989" descent="-360" horiz-adv-x="747" vert-adv-y="747"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0095,0,0,-0.0095,10.158,3.264)"><path d="M414 144C384 79 371 75 317 75H135L276 221C367 316 408 376 408 465C408 570 327 635 237 635C179 635 131 609 100 575L42 494L67 471C94 510 138 565 205 565C277 565 321 517 321 435C321 348 258 270 195 195C146 137 88 81 33 26V0H411C423 44 433 88 446 135L414 144Z" id="g50-51"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="487" vert-adv-y="487"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0095,0,0,-0.0095,14.777,3.264)"><path d="M556 297V350H337V548H275V350H56V297H275V85H337V297H556ZM556 -23V30H56V-23H556Z" id="g54-37"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="611" vert-adv-y="611"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.0095,0,0,-0.0095,20.572,3.264)"><path d="M501 517C491 587 426 710 310 710C240 710 175 662 175 601C175 561 201 517 250 452C219 438 187 423 157 404C88 360 24 280 24 178C24 71 90 -12 195 -12C250 -12 297 6 334 32C412 87 452 170 452 249C452 335 408 396 333 481C259 565 229 601 229 621C229 642 245 652 275 652C359 652 427 583 490 499L501 517ZM364 233C364 142 323 33 222 33C173 33 119 81 119 178C119 265 156 335 193 374C213 395 242 413 272 425C308 384 364 319 364 233Z" id="g50-226"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="525" vert-adv-y="525"></glyph.data></g></svg> applied to organic matrix in mass-tone with influence of calcination temperature.

Journal of Inorganic Chemistry

Synthesis and Characterization of Rutile Pigments with Cr and Nb

Table 8