The Immune-Modulatory Role of Apolipoprotein E with Emphasis on Multiple Sclerosis and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Figure 3

The four common clinical subtypes of MS are illustrated. RRMS (Relapsing-remitting MS). At least one clinical attack resulting from demyelination (relapsing phase) follows by complete or partial recovery (remitting phase), after the first recovery from an attack. SPMS (Secondary progressive MS). Symptoms are continuously and gradually worsening, after a period of RRMS. PPMS (Primary progressive MS). Symptoms keep worsening after the onset, without obvious relapsing-remitting phases. PRMS (Progressive relapsing MS). MS with characteristics of both PPMS and RRMS.