Immunotherapy for Renal Cell Carcinoma

Table 1

Immunotherapy using inactivated tumor cells and a gene modified tumor vaccine (GMTV).

Authors	Vaccine	Adjuvant	Patients	Duration of PFS/RFS	Results
Galligioni	Auto irrad tumor	BCG	120	13 mo	5-year DFS 63%
					(control 72%) 𝑃=.21
Schwaab	Auto irrad tumor	BCG, IFN-α, IFN-γ	14	—	3 MR, 5 SD, l PD
Dillman	Auto irrad tumor	BCG, IFN-α, IFN-β	25	2.4 mo	median survival 33.4 mo,
		GM-CSF, Cy			5-year survival 43%
Jocham	Auto lysate	None	379	47.8 mo	5-year PFS 77.4%
					(control 67.8%) 𝑃=.02
Dudek	Auto LMI	None, Cy, Cy+IL-2	31	2.8 mo	None: 5 SD, Cy: 4 SD,
					Cy+ IL-2: 1PR 3 SD
May	Auto lysate	None	495	—	5 year,10 year OS: 80.6, 68.9%
					(control 79.2, 62.1%) 𝑃=.066
Simons	Auto irrad tumor	None	16	—	1 PR
	+ GM-CSF
Wittig	Auto irrad tumor	Oligonucleotides	10	—	1 CR, 1 PR, 1 MR, 2 SD, 5 PD
	+ GM-CSF, IL-7
Antonia	Auto irrad tumor	IL-2	15	—	2 PR, 2 SD
	+ B7.1 gene
Tani	Auto irrad tumor	None	6	—	1 SD, l MR
	+ GM-CSF
Pizza	Auto irrad tumor	None	30	170.5 dy	1 CR, 4 PR, 9 SD
	+ IL-2
Moiseyenko	Auto irrad tumor	None		3 mo	1 SD, l MR
	+ tag7/PGPR-S gene		4
Fishman	Auto irrad tumor	IL-2	39	—	1 CR, 2 PR, 24 SD
	+ B7.1 gene
Buchner	Auto irrad tumor	None	12	5.3 mo	PFS 5.3 mo, OS 15.6 mo
	+ B7.1, IL-2 gene

LMI: large multivalent immunogen, Cy: cyclophosphamide, DFS: disease-free survival, Os: overall survival, PR: partial response, MR: mixed response, SD: stable disease, PD: progressive disease, PFS: progression-free survival, RFS: recurrence-free survival.