Immune Response in Ovarian Cancer: How Is the Immune System Involved in Prognosis and Therapy: Potential for Treatment Utilization

Figure 2

Schematic representation of characteristic immune cells, growth factors, and cytokines interactions in cancer. Interactions between growth factors such as VEGF, cytokines (e.g., TNFα) and T cells (e.g., NK, Tregs) are shown in this diagram. Tumor cells bring about the production of cytokines that assist in the mobilization of T cells and induce the production of further cytokines, and they also utilize growth factors such as VEGF to promote neovasculirisation implicated in metastasis. ↑ means increase where ↓ means decrease.