Antigen-Based Immune Therapeutics for Type 1 Diabetes: Magic Bullets or Ordinary Blanks?

Figure 2

Ag-specific immune therapies. Different Ag formulations can be administered via different routes, triggering various tolerance mechanisms. APC: Ag-presenting cell; DC: dendritic cell; i.d.: intradermal; i.m., intramuscular; i.v.: intravenous; MDSCs: myeloid-derived suppressor cells; PBMC: peripheral blood mononuclear cell; s.c.: subcutaneous; Tregs: regulatory T cells.