Antiretroviral Treatment-Associated Tuberculosis in a Prospective Cohort of HIV-Infected Patients Starting ART

Table 4

Characteristics of patients with ART-associated TB.

Patient	Age (years)	Sex	CD4 counts		Baseline clinical symptoms*	Baseline CXR findings	Time to TB (days)	TB category	Basis of TB diagnosis	Basis of TB- IRIS diagnosis^†	Outcomes
			Baseline (cell/μL)	TB (cell/μL)
Patient 1	53	F	156	148	weight loss	Possible TB	345	TB pleura	cytology	NA	Improved
Patient 2	27	F	15	5	weight loss, anorexia	Normal	79	Disseminated TB	abnormal CXR culture +ve	2,4,5,6	Improved
Patient 3	31	F	90	68	cough, fever, weight loss, anorexia	Normal	14	PTB	culture +ve	NA	Improved
Patient 4	37	M	123	—	no symptoms	Normal	24	PTB	culture +ve	NA	Lost contact
Patient 5	42	M	116	95	cough, weight loss, anorexia	Possible TB	54	PTB	culture +ve	NA	Died
Patient 6	45	F	21	28	weight loss	Normal	17	PTB	AFB+	2,5,6,7	Improved
Patient 7	28	F	24	18	no symptoms	Normal	20	TB adenitis	FNA AFB+	1,5,6	Lost contact
Patient 8	43	F	206	313	no symptoms	Normal	100	PTB	abnormal CXR	NA	Improved

Abbreviations: M: Male; F: Female; TB: tuberculosis; CXR: chest X-ray; PTB: pulmonary tuberculosis; AFB+: acid fast bacilli positive; AFB−: acid fast bacilli negative; IRIS: immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.
*included clinical symptoms of greater than two weeks.
^†criteria for TB-IRIS (new or worsening): 1: adenopathy; 2: CXR abnormalities; 3: central nervous system features of TB; 4: serositis; 5: constitutional symptoms (fever, night sweats, weight loss); 6: respiratory symptoms (cough, dyspnea, stridor); 7: abdominal pain with peritonitis, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, or adenopathy; NA: not applicable.