Tumor and Microenvironment Modification during Progression of Murine Orthotopic Bladder Cancer

Figure 1

An orthotopic murine model of bladder cancer was established and gene expression analysis performed on day 7 and day 28. (a) Neovascularization was apparent in the bladders 7 days after tumor implantation (upper panel), and after 28 days, the tumor-bearing bladder appeared highly vascular and larger than normal bladders (lower panel). (b) Tumor growth was monitored by measuring urinary PSA which was normalized with creatinine. (c) To confirm the presence of tumors, PSA gene expression in the bladder was analyzed by real-time PCR when the mice were culled at day 7 and day 28. Gene expression in the bladder was analyzed using the LDA arrays and 2 individual mice bladders. The scatter diagrams show the relationship between the RQ values of the 2 arrays of the 2 mice for the (d) day 7 and (e) day 28 bladders. The axes of the scatter diagrams are in the logarithmic scale. The middle line is the best-fit line and the two lines flanking represent the 95% confidence interval. r is the Pearson’s correlation, and p is the significance level. To reconfirm the array data several genes were reanalyzed by real-time PCR using the same murine samples. (f) The log (RQ) shows the same profile for all the genes evaluated. The 11 genes are (1) AGTR2; (2) CTLA4; (3) IFNγ; analyzed on RNA from mouse sample one and (4) AGTR2; (5) CSF2; (6) CTLA4; (7) CXCR3; (8) GZMB; (9) IFNγ; (10) PTGS2 and (11) TNFα analyzed on RNA from mouse sample 2. (g) A summary of genes with increased or decreased expression on days 7 and 28 after tumor implantation.