Immune Dysregulation after Cardiothoracic Surgery and Incidental Thymectomy: Maintenance of Regulatory T Cells despite Impaired Thymopoiesis

Table 1

Characteristics of subjects.

	No Surgery	Prior Surgery: high TREC	Prior Surgery: low TREC
	𝑛=15 (10-CHD; 5-healthy adults)	𝑛=32	𝑛=17
Age at evaluation (meanyears;range)^∗	16.47 (0.2–34.9)	22.6 (1.00–35.7)	18.6 (2.00–34.5)
Healthy adults	26.1 (20.0–29.0)
CHD	12.0 (0.2–34.9) 𝑃=.02^∧ versus Healty adults
Age at 1st surgery		6.6 (0–28.4)	2.5 (0–13.8) 𝑃=.02^∧ versus High TREC
Time since 1st surgery		16.0 (0.2–34.7)	16.1 (1.9–34.0)
Age at last surgery		12.2 (0.01–34.71)	1.4 (0.03–24.4)
Time since last surgery		10.4 (0.1–33.1)	11.0 (0.8–24.3)
Number of surgeries (number of subjects)
0	15 (100%)
1		16 (50%)	5 (29%)
≥2		16 (50%	12 (71%)
Age at initial surgery (number of subjects)
<2 years		13 (41%)	12 (71%)
>2 years		19 (59%)	5 (29%)
Residual thymus (present : absent)∗∗	6 : 0	12 : 10	2 : 9

Surgery = midline stemotomy.
∗Kruskal-Wallis test =n.s.
∗∗Chi-Square test 𝑃=.005.
∧Mann-Whitney test.