Different Implications of Paternal and Maternal Atopy for Perinatal IgE Production and Asthma Development

Table 2

Effect of parental background on IgE production and asthma development.

	Maternal background	Paternal background
Gene	Maternal antioxidant gene polymorphisms: GSTP1 [51] GSTM1 and GSTT1 [52]; Polymorphism of the beta-chain of high-affinity IgE receptor (FceRI-beta) [53], and 11q13 allele [54]	An allele at chromosome 7p [50]
Environment	Maternal asthma [34–39]; Fetal exposure to tobacco smoke, household allergens, and latex and/or biocides [58–63, 65]; Fetal exposure to traffic air pollution [64]; Maternal prenatal exposure to farm, farm animals, and cat or dog [58, 66, 68]; Mediterranean diet, fish intake, fatty acid status, and folic acid supplements during pregnancy [24, 69, 72, 73]	Paternal asthma [40–43]; Paternal occupational flour dust exposure [65]