Review Article
Hematological Malignancies Escape from NK Cell Innate Immune Surveillance: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications
Table 2
Novel agents used in hematological malignancies and their impact on NK-cell activation.
| Class of drugs | Therapeutic molecules | Main indications | Inhibitory receptor ligands | Activating receptors | Activating receptor ligands | References |
| IMIDs | Thalidomide | Multiple myeloma | | NKp46 | | [67] | Lenalidomide | | | upregulation | | |
| HDACI | Vorinostat | Lymphoma | | NKp30 and NKp46 | NKG2D and | [68, 69] | Panobinostat | | | | DNAM ligand | | | | | downregulation | upregulation | |
| Demethylating agents | 5-azacytidine | MDS | Up regulation | | NKG2D ligand | [70, 71] | 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine | | KIR | | upregulation | |
| Proteasome inhibitors | Bortezomib | Multiple myeloma | Downregulation HLA molecules | | NKG2D TRAIL and DNAM | [72–75] | | | | | ligand upregulation | |
| All-trans retinoic acid | Vesanoid | AML3 | | NKG2D | | [76] | | | | Upregulation | | |
| Tyrosine kinase inhibitors | Imatinib mesylate | CML | | NKG2D | sMICA | [77] | | | | upregulation | downregulation | |
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Abbreviations: IMIDs: immunomodulaory drugs; HDACI: Histone deacetylase inhibitors; MDS: myelodysplastic syndrome; AML: acute myeloid leukemia; CML: chronic myeloid leukemia; NK: natural killer cell; sMICA: stress-induced molecule HLA class-I chain-related A.
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