Novel Anti-Melanoma Immunotherapies: Disarming Tumor Escape Mechanisms

Table 1

Current clinical trials in melanoma using monoclonal antibodies.

Company	Antibody	Target	Function	Status
	Antagonistic Abs.
Bristol-Myers Squibb	Ipilimumab (Yervoy)	CTLA-4	Relieve immune block	Approved
Bristol-Myers Squibb	MDX-1106^1	PD-1	Relieve immune block	Phase II (completed)
Curetech Ltd. (Israel)	CT-011	PD-1	Relieve immune block	Phase II (recruiting)
Merck	MK-3475	PD-1	Relieve immune block	Phase I (recruiting)
Bristol-Myers Squibb	MDX-1105-01	PD-L1	Relieve immune block	Phase I (recruiting)
	Agonistic Abs.
Bristol-Myers Squibb	BMS-663513	4-1BB	Stimulate T cells	Phase II (completed)
Pfizer	CP870,893^2	CD40	Stimulate T cells	Phase I (recruiting)
Tolerx	TRX518	GITR	Inhibit T regs	Phase I (on hold)
Portland Providence Medical Center	Anti-OX40	OX40	Stimulate T cells	Phase II (not open yet)

¹Additional phase I studies are ongoing, in combination with Ipilimumab or with melanoma vaccines.
²Together with melanoma vaccine and an immune stimulant called Oncovir poly IC : LC (one phase I study) or with Tremelimumab (another phase I study).