Effect of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Immunomodulator on Cytokines Levels: An Alternative Therapy for Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Figure 2

24 h urinary cortisol levels detected by RIA in healthy volunteers and MDD patients. Patients were treated with SSRIs or SSRIs plus hDLEs during 52 weeks of study. The statistical analyses were as follows. First, the patient group before antidepressant treatment (W0) was compared with the control group (HVs). Second, the values before the antidepressant treatment (W0) were compared with those during the treatment (W5, W20, W36, or W52) in patients. Third, the data of patients at W52 versus HVs were compared. *𝑃<0.0001, significant difference before treatment versus HVs. **𝑃<0.001 between SSRIs plus hDLEs treatment at W5, W20, W36, and W52 versus W0. ^&𝑃<0.0001 between SSRIs treatment at W5 versus W0. ^&&𝑃<0.05 between SSRIs treatment at W52 versus W0. ^&&&𝑃<0.05 between SSRIs treatment at W52 versus HVs. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. HVs: healthy volunteers; MDD: major depression disorder; W: weeks.