Clinical Study

Helicobacter pylori Infection and Light Chain Gammopathy

Table 4

Tracking free kappa and lambda light chain values in H. pylori patients.
(a) Patients with initial normal kappa and lambda light chain levels

PatientAgeSexComorbid diseasesTime for confirmation of microbiological cure (weeks)Initial κ value (mg/L)Initial λ value (mg/L)

130FemaleHepatitis B8.113.8 (N)13.3 (N)
243FemaleNone4.911.7 (N)12.9 (N)
348MaleHuman immunodeficiency virus, Strongyloides stercoralis, Treponema pallidum 10.315.23 (N)12.36 (N)
449MaleHepatitis C6.310.6 (N)14.4 (N)
552FemaleHepatitis B11.117 (N)24.7 (N)
657MaleHepatitis C20.715.2 (N)16.2 (N)
759FemaleStrongyloides stercoralis, Schistosomiasis14.111.7 (N)12.6 (N)

(b) Patients with elevated kappa and/or lambda light chain levels who experienced normalization of values

PatientAgeSexComorbid diseasesTime for confirmation of microbiological Cure (weeks)Initial κ value (mg/L)Final κ value (mg/L)Normalization of κ valueInitial λ value (mg/L)Final λ value (mg/L)Normalization of λ valueTime span between initial and final light chain value (weeks)

832FemaleHepatitis B220.2 (A)16.78 (N)Yes15.53 (N)14.91 (N)N/A5
942MaleAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome, human T-lymphotropic virus-I/II, erythrasma1419.1 (N)10 (N)N/A27.5 (A)16.5 (N)Yes23.6
1050MaleHepatitis C4.619.7 (A)16.02 (N)Yes31.2 (A)24.2 (N)Yes3.1
1152MaleMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, type 2 diabetes mellitus129.4271 (A)17.4 (N)Yes168 (A)16.9 (N)Yes129.4
1254FemaleSarcoidosis, idiopathic CD4+ lymphocytopenia, erythema nodosum, hypertension4.728.7 (A)15.2 (N)Yes23.6 (N)20.9 (N)N/A4.7
1355MaleTreponema pallidum, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hypertension12.622.1 (A)17.9 (N)Yes22.1 (N)19.6 (N)N/A12.6

Patient 8 has a chronic carrier state of hepatitis B surface antigen and a negative viral load. This patient has not received treatment for hepatitis B.
Patient 9 is on HIV medications and had light chain values normalized with H. pylori treatment.
Patient 10 received treatment for H. pylori prior to institution of hepatitis C treatment.
Patient 11 had a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection treated with persistently elevated light chain levels that are subsequently normalized after treatment of H. pylori.
Patient 13 received treatment for H. pylori prior to institution of syphilis treatment.
(c) Patients with elevated kappa and/or lambda light chain levels who experienced persistent elevation of values

PatientAgeSexComorbid diseasesTime for confirmation of microbiological cure (weeks)Initial κ value (mg/L)Final κ value (mg/L)Normalization of κ valueInitial λ value (mg/L)Final λ value (mg/L)Normalization of λ valueTime span between initial and final light chain value (weeks)

1447MaleAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome5.934.4 (A)43 (A)No49.2 (A)56.2 (A)No5.1
1552MaleHepatitis C, Chlamydia pneumoniae 10.630.22 (A)44.74 (A)No26.73 (A)27.07 (A)No7.1
1664FemaleHepatitis C11.722.9 (A)23.1 (A)No12.3 (N)11.7 (N)N/A4.3
1751MaleAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, Strongyloides stercoralis 34.324 (A)20.8 (A)No30 (A)23.6 (N)Yes51.3
1854MaleHepatitis C, hypertension10.721.43 (A)41.74 (A)No31.26 (A)71.23 (A)No11.7
1971MaleHepatitis C, Strongyloides stercoralis, type 2 diabetes mellitus4.325.5 (A)29.1 (A)No20.7 (N)21.1 (N)N/A2.7

Patients 15, 16, and 18 who have hepatic C received treatment for H. pylori prior to initiation of hepatitis C treatment.
Patient 19 did not receive treatment for H. pylori and is awaiting further workup for hepatitis C.
(d) Patients who were lost to follow-up for repeat light chain values

PatientAgeSexComorbid diseasesTime for confirmation of microbiological cure (weeks)Initial κ value (mg/L)Final κ value (mg/L)Normalization of κ valueInitial λ value (mg/L)Final λ value (mg/L)Normalization of λ valueTime span between initial and final light chain value (weeks)

2046MaleChlamydia pneumoniae, human immunodeficiency virus8.1340 (A)Not measuredN/A195 (A)Not measuredN/AN/A
2148MaleAcquired immunodeficiency syndromeUnknown18 (N)Not measuredN/A29.55 (A)Not measuredN/AN/A
2285MalePolymyalgia rheumatica, coronary artery diseaseUnknown25.2 (A)Not measuredN/A25.6 (N)Not measuredN/AN/A