Review Article

An Innovative Method to Identify Autoantigens Expressed on the Endothelial Cell Surface: Serological Identification System for Autoantigens Using a Retroviral Vector and Flow Cytometry (SARF)

Table 2

Reported target antigens of anti-endothelial cell antibodies.

DiseaseTarget antigenPathogenicity

Systemic lupus erythematosusDNA-DNA-histone
Ribosomal P protein PO
Ribosomal protein L6
Elongation factor 1-alpha
Adenylyl cyclase-associated protein
Profilin 2
Plasminogen activator inhibitor
Fibronectin
Heparan sulfate
β2-glycoprotein I
Heat-shock protein 60 (Hsp 60)Apoptosis
Heat-shock protein 70 (Hsp 70)
Fibronectin leucine-rich transmembrane protein 2 (FLRT2)Complement-dependent cytotoxicity

Mixed connective tissue diseaseVoltage-dependent anion-selective channel 1 (VDAC-1)

Systemic sclerosisTopoisomerase I
Centromere protein B (CENP-B)

VasculitisProteinase 3
Myeloperoxidase
Peroxiredoxin 2Cytokine secretion
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthaseIntracellular acidification

Microscopic polyangiitisHuman lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2

Behçet's diseaseAlpha-enolase
C-terminus of Ral-binding protein 1 (RLIP76)Apoptosis

Kawasaki diseaseTropomyosin
T-plastin

TransplantationVimentin
Keratin-like protein

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpuraGlycoprotein CD36

Heparin-induced thrombocytopeniaPlatelet factor 4 (PF4)
Heparin sulfate