New Insights into the Role of the Immune Microenvironment in Breast Carcinoma

Table 1

Studies correlating immunobiomarkers with clinical results.

Study	N (patients)	Immune biomarker	Results
Balsari et al. [21]	DCIS: 62; Invasive: 257; Normal breast: 10	FOXP3	High FOXP3 in invasive and in situ breast carcinoma than in normal breast; High FOXP3 shorter PFS and OS; Negative correlation between FOXP3 and ER
Ladoire et al. [4]	56	CD3; CD8; FOXP3	Poor prognostic factors (RE−, high-tumor grade and nodal involvement) correlate with higher number of FOXP3 before chemotherapy; >pCR to neoadjuvant chemotherapy correlates with absence of FOXP3 cells and presence of high number of CD8 T cell
Bates et al. [20]	183 + 214	FOXP3	FOXP3 expression in tumor associated with worse overall survival; FOXP3 prognostic factor for distant metastases free survival
Demaria et al. [1]	25	TIL	Development of TIL after treatment correlates with clinical response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Denkert et al. [2]	1058 (2 cohort)	TIL	High TILs: pCR rates 42 and 40% versus 3 and 7%
Perez et al. [5]	24 normal breast; 74 breast cancer (28 HER−; 46 HER+)	Tregs	Treg frecuency in HER2+ was significantly increased.; Trastuzumab therapy: decreased Treg frecuency/objective clinical response
Mahmoud et al. [6]	1334	CD8+ T	TIL CD8+ density associated with improved clinical outcome

PFS: progression free survival; OS: overall survival; ER: estrogen receptor; and pCR: pathologic complete response.