Inflammation and ER Stress Downregulate BDH2 Expression and Dysregulate Intracellular Iron in Macrophages

Figure 7

Vitamin D pretreatment protects BDH2 expression in LPS-stimulated macrophages. THP-1 macrophage-like cells ( cells/mL) were treated with 20 nM of 1,25(OH)₂D₃, the hormonally active form of vitamin D₃, overnight prior to LPS exposure (40 ng/mL) for 6 hr. RNA was extracted and BDH2 gene expression was assessed by quantitative RT-PCR normalized to β-actin. The fold change in BDH2 gene expression was calculated in reference to DMSO treated control THP-1 cells using the method and presented here normalized to no treatment control. VitD₃: 1,2(OH)₂D₃. Error bars represent the SD from the mean of three independent experiments. values were calculated in reference to vehicle treatment using one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni multiple comparisons post hoc analysis. values annotated ; ; were not significant (NS).