Current Concepts and Future Directions for the Assessment of Autoantibodies to Cellular Antigens Referred to as Anti-Nuclear Antibodies

Table 2

Anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) in different ANA associated autoimmune rheumatic diseases and healthy individuals.

Antibody	AARD
	SLE	SSc	SjS	IIM	MCTD	HI
dsDNA	40–70%	<3%	<3%	<3%	<3%	<3%
Chromatin	40–70%	<3%	<3%	<3%	5–18%	<3%
RNP	10–40%	5–15%	<3%	5–15%	100%^5	<3%
Sm	5–20%	<2%	<1%	<1%	<2%^2	<1%
SS-A/Ro60	40–70%	3–10%	60–90%	<3%	<3%	<3%
Ro52/; TRIM21	40–70%	15–30%	70–90%	25–50%	<3%	<3%
SS-B/La	15–30%	1–5%	60–80%	5–15%	<3%	<3%
Scl-70 (topo I)	0–5%	20–40%^4	<3%	<3%	<3%	<1%
Jo-1	1–3%	1–3%	<2%	15–30%	<2%	<1%
Centromere	2–5%	20–40%^4	5–10%	1–3%	2–5%	<3%
RNA Pol III	<1%	5–25%^4	<1%	<1%	<1%	<1%
Ribosomal P	10–30%	<2%	<2%	<2%	<2%	<1%
PM/Scl	1–3%	5–10%	<2%	5–10%	<2%	<3%
Mi-2	<1%	3–8%	<1%	5–15%^1	<1%	<3%
Ku	5–20%	3–8%	<3%	3–10%^3	<3%	<3%
PCNA	<5%	<1%	<1%	<1%	<1%	<3%
Th/To	<1%	3–10%	<1%	<1%	<1%	<1%

 ¹Rare in PM, higher prevalence in DM; mild form of disease; early during development.
 ²Prevalence depends if antigen contains SmBB′ (cross-reactive with RNP).
 ³Very high titer in PM.
 ⁴Anti-Scl-70, anti-centromere, anti-RNA Pol III antibodies tend to be mutually exclusive.
 ⁵Part of the classification criteria, therefore should be 100%; however, depending on assay used, some patients might be negative.
Note: Prevalence values were established based on literature and consensus of authors.
Abbreviations: DM: dermatomyositis; IIM: idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (polymyositis/dermatomyositis); MCTD: mixed connective tissue disease; PCNA: proliferating cell nuclear antigen; PM: polymyositis; RA: rheumatoid arthritis; RNA pol III: RNA polymerase III; RNP: ribonucleoprotein; Sm: Smith antigens (U2-U6 RNP); SjS: Sjögren’s syndrome; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; SPA: Solid phase assay; SSc: systemic sclerosis; TRIM: tripartite motif.