Review Article
HLA Associations and Clinical Implications in T-Cell Mediated Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions: An Updated Review
Table 1
Associations of SCARs and delayed-type drug hypersensitivity and HLA alleles.
| Causative drug | HLA allele | Hypersensitivity reactions | Ethnicity | Odds ratio (95% CI) | Reference |
| Abacavir | B*57:01 | Abacavir hypersensitivity | Caucasians | 117 (29–481) | [48] | Allopurinol | B*58:01 | SJS/TEN/DRESS | Asians | 74.18 (26.95–204.14) | [34] | | | |
Non-Asians | 101.45 (44.98–228.82) | [34] | Carbamazepine | B*15:02 | SJS/TEN | Han Chinese | 115.32 (18.17–732.13) | [17] | | | | Thai | 54.43 (16.28–181.96) | [17] | | | | Malaysians | 221.00 (3.85–12694.65) | [17] | | | |
Indians | 54.60 (2.25–1326.20) | [17] | | B*15:08 | | Indians | nd | [15] | | B*15:11 | | Japanese | 16.3 (4.76–55.61) | [23] | | | | Koreans | 18.0 (2.3–141.2) | [22] | | | | Mainland China Han Chinese | 31.00 (2.74–350.50) | [24] | | B*15:18 | | Japanese | 13.58 (nd) | [25] | | A*31:01 | DRESS | Han Chinese | 23.0 (4.2–125) | [20] | | | | Europeans | 57.6 (11.0–340) | [20] | | | SJS/TEN | Europeans | 4.4 (1.1–17.3) | [20] | | | | All populations | 3.94 (1.4–11.5) | [20] | | | SJS/TEN | Europeans | 25.93 (4.93–116.18) | [19] | | | DRESS | Europeans | 12.41 (1.27–121.03) | [19] | | | MPE | Europeans | 8.33 (3.59–19.36) | [19] | | | SJS/TEN/DRESS | Japanese | 10.8 (5.9–19.6) | [18] | Dapsone | B*13:01 | DRESS | Mainland China Han Chinese | 20.53 (11.55–36.48) | [61] | Lamotrigine | B*15:02 | SJS/TEN | Han Chinese | 3.59 (1.15–11.22) | [27] | Nevirapine | DRB1*01:01 | DRESS/MPE | Australians | depend on CD4 T-cells count | [56] | | B*14:02 | | Sardinians | nd | [58] | | B*35:05 | | Thai | 18.96 (4.87–73.44) | [57] | | Cw8 | | Sardinians, Japanese | nd | [58, 59] | Oxcarbazepine | B*15:02 | SJS/TEN | Taiwan Han Chinese | 80.7 (3.8–1714.4) | [30] | Phenytoin | B*15:02 | SJS/TEN | Han Chinese | 4.26 (1.93–9.39) | [27] |
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DRESS: drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms. MPE: maculopapular eruption. SCARs: severe cutaneous adverse reactions to drugs. SJS: Stevens-Johnson syndrome. TEN: toxic epidermal necrolysis. CI: confidence interval. nd: no data.
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