Oxidative Stress Is Differentially Present in Multiple Sclerosis Courses, Early Evident, and Unrelated to Treatment

Table 3

Oxidative stress markers’ distributions in MS patients and HC.

	CoQ10; 𝜇g/L	MDA; 𝜇g/L	GSTot; mg/L	GSH; mg/L	GSSG; mg/L	PAO; 𝜇mol	Anti-oxLDL; U/mL	ROS; U Carr
MS	483.79±253.75	7.58±3.22	371.05±120.97	317.26±124.76	56.74±27.63	965.03±166.75	33.95±19.48	315.15±93.58
PP	493.25±242.35	7.72±3.85	363.73±84.09	314.96±95.63	48.22±21.71	996.26±142.00	31.16±14.66	301.44±68.30
SP	464.76±182.25	7.71±3.14	341.43±151.54	286.84±150.6	56.48±27.43	931.95±182.43	33.57±16.46	303.191±81.8
RR	429.20±199.29	7.81±3.05	396.28±116.91	336.06±109.51	62.97±30.02	955.09±162.09	31.89±19.8	320.43±121.25
BB	635.78±417.05	6.60±2.92	370.3±121.60	326.04±153.84	55.87±29.75	999.85±188.31	43.98±27.55	341.23±66.95
HC	616.13±234.19	7.10±2.46	360.43±99.65	309.21±102.28	51.21±33.29	1018.25±180.38	28.08±15.67	315.31±77.4
𝑃^†	<0.001	0.30	0.55	0.66	0.26	0.06	0.04	0.99
𝑃^‡	<0.001	0.59	0.46	0.62	0.39	0.22	0.013	0.71

Data are expressed as mean ± SD. MS: multiple sclerosis; PP: primary progressive; SP: secondary progressive; RR: relapsing-remitting; BB: benign; HC: healthy controls. 𝑃^†: comparing all MS patients with HC (Student’s 𝑡-test was used); 𝑃^‡: each disease course was compared with HC: only BB were significantly different from HC, 𝑃=0.013 (ANOVA was used).
CoQ₁₀: a potent antioxidant involved in energy metabolism was lower in MS patients than in HC subjects (𝑃=0.001) (Figure 1(a)).