The Maternal Cytokine and Chemokine Profile of Naturally Conceived Gestations Is Mainly Preserved during In Vitro Fertilization and Egg Donation Pregnancies

Figure 2

Heat map representing the cytokine and chemokine concentration values for each woman in all three groups throughout pregnancy. Whereas the three trimesters of pregnancy are represented on the first upper horizontal line, the three study groups in all three trimesters of pregnancy are represented on the second horizontal line. It can be observed that most cytokines and chemokines follow a similar pattern during pregnancy; their concentration rises in the second trimester and remains high in the third trimester of pregnancy. RANTES, regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted; TGFβ, transforming growth factor-beta; IFNγ, interferon-gamma; IL, interleukin 17, IL4, IL1β, IL2, IL5, IL10, and IL6; GM-CSF, decidual granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; IL8; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor-alpha; and SDF1α, stromal cell-derived factor 1 alpha.