Human Gene Expression in Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

Figure 3

Inflammatory and cytokine response pathways. GenMAPP illustration of genes upregulated with low parasitemias (a) and medium to high parasitemias (b). Several genes were upregulated more frequently with medium or high parasitemias (b) than low parasitemias (a). Among these were IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF, and INF-γ. Additionally, a number of genes, including IL-7, IL-15, and PGDFA (platelet-derived growth factor alpha polypeptide), were downregulated with low parasitemias and upregulated with medium to high parasitemias. TGF-β was downregulated more with medium to high than low parasitemias.

(a)

(b)