Review Article

Understanding Experimental LCMV Infection of Mice: The Role of Mathematical Models

Table 1

Fundamental parameters of T cell response to LCMV infection and the relevant LCMV epitopes.

Parameter (mouse strains)Estimated parameter: value, range (CI95%), union of rangesReferences

Number of single LCMV-epitope-specific precursor CD8+ T cells (C57BL/6 mice)100–200 (per mouse): GP33
5–165 (per spleen): GP33, GP92, GP118, GP276, NP205, and NP396
2–8 (per spleen): GP33, GP34, GP276, and NP396
[8, 3234]

Number of single LCMV-epitope-specific precursor CD4+ T cells (C57BL/6 mice)22–56 (per spleen): GP61, NP309[33]

Total number of the precursor CD8+ T cells specific for an entire virus (C57BL/6 mice)27–110 (per spleen): WE and Docile
6,761 (per mouse): GP33 + GP118 + GP276 + NP396 + NP205
224 (per spleen): GP33 + GP118 + GP276 + NP396 + NP205
20 (per spleen): GP33 + GP34 + GP276 + NP396
[3034]

Total number of the precursor CD4+ T cells specific for an entire virus (C57BL/6 mice)78 (per spleen): GP61 + NP309[33]

Number of dendritic cells required for induction of CD8 T cell clonal expansion (C57BL/6 mice)212, CI95% = (75, 1200) (per spleen):
H8-mice DCs
[35]

Doubling time of LCMV-epitope-specific CD8+ T cells during clonal expansion phase (C57BL/6 mice, BALB/c mice)7.5–16.7 (hours): GP33, GP92, GP118, GP276, NP205, and NP396
5.5–7.6 (hours): GP238, NP118
[33, 37]

Doubling time of LCMV-epitope-specific CD4+ T cells during clonal expansion phase (C57BL/6 mice)10.5–17.3 (hours): GP61, NP309[33]

Half-lives of epitope-specific CD8+ T cells during contraction phase (BALB/c mice)19.6–87.6 (hours): GP238, NP118 [37]

Half-lives of infected target cells killed by epitope-specific CD8+ T cells (C57BL/6 mice)1.4 (hours) at day 8, 2.9 (hours) at day 30,
and 8.9 (hours) at day 300: H8-spleen cells
0.11–0.46 (hours) at day 8 with effector frequency 0.05 per spleen: GP276, NP396
0.048–0.16 (hours) at day 8: GP276, NP396
0.11–0.24 (hours) for acute infection (day 8), 0.27–0.37 (hours) for memory phase (day 42), and 0.31–0.44 (hours) for chronic infection (day 42): GP33
[3841]

Threshold frequency of CTLs in spleen at which the infected cells elimination rate is half-maximum (C57BL/6 mice, infection with LCMV Docile)0.004–0.023 for acute (day 8) and chronic (day 42) infection, 0.007–0.088 for memory phase of infection (day 42): GP33[41]

Protective number of memory CTLs against infection (C57BL/6 mice, infection with LCMV Armstrong)1.3 × 105 cells per spleen for GP276, NP396 [43]

Protective number of naive precursor CTLs against chronic infection (C57BL/6 mice)105 cells per spleen for infection with 105 pfu LCMV Docile (cells from TCR318 mice) [11]

Dependence of CTL clonal expansion on virus growth rate (C57BL/6 mice)Bell-shaped; both slow and fast replicating virus strains can induce weak CD8+ T cell clonal expansion (GP33)[47]