Extracellular Vesicles: Role in Inflammatory Responses and Potential Uses in Vaccination in Cancer and Infectious Diseases

Figure 2

EVs released from all cell types. These particles are involved in physiologic and pathologic processes: (a) intercellular communication and molecular trafficking delivering regulatory signal molecules and (b) and (c) parasite-host interactions and immunomodulation in pathologic conditions; (d) drug resistance, cancer progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis are some functions of exosomes in cancer [1].