CAR T Cell Therapy: A Game Changer in Cancer Treatment

Figure 3

Example of manufacturing and delivery pipeline of CAR T cell therapies [7, 8]. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are harvested from the patient (or a T cell donor) (a) and transferred to a good manufacturing practice (GMP) facility, where the T cells are isolated and activated in the presence of magnetic beads conjugated with CD3 and CD28 antibodies (b) and subsequently genetically engineered by viral transduction to express the CAR (c). The activated T cells are expanded ex vivo for a period, typically 10–14 days, to reach a therapeutic relevant number (d) before magnetic bead removal (e) and formulation, either for freezing or for adoptive transfer (f). The patient undergoes a conditional chemotherapy prior to infusion of the CAR T cells (g).