Naturally Derived Anti-HIV Polysaccharide Peptide (PSP) Triggers a Toll-Like Receptor 4-Dependent Antiviral Immune Response

Figure 4

PSP acts as an anti-HIV agent in HIV-infected donors. PBMCs from HIV-1-infected participants were isolated and treated with PSP during a six-day period. Antiviral chemokines (a) MIP-1α, (b) RANTES, (c) MIP-1β, and (d) SDF-1 concentrations were determined at the end of the treatment in cells’ supernatants using Luminex. (e) HIV-1 viral replication was measured by analyzing HIV p24 concentration in PBMCs obtained from HIV-1 participants with and without PSP treatment. PSP untreated cells were used as control. Statistical significance was determined using ratio paired -test analysis, from four different HIV-infected subjects ().

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