Journal of Immunology Research

Review Article

The Proportion of Regulatory T Cells in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of the individual studies included in the meta-analysis.


Author (ref.)	Publish year	Country	EL^a	^b	Case numbers		Tregs’ definition	% of Tregs among CD4⁺ T cells [mean (or median) ± SD]
Author (ref.)	Publish year	Country	EL^a	^b	AS	HC	Tregs’ definition	AS	HD

Duojia Cao et al. [14]	2004	Sweden	4	6	10	29	CD25^brightCD4⁺			ns
Jau-Ling Suen et al. [17]	2008	Taiwan, China	4	6	23	36	CD4⁺CD25^highFOXP3⁺			ns
Éric Toussirot et al. [32]	2009	France	4	6	32	15	CD4⁺CD25⁺FOXP3⁺			ns
Frauke Forger et al. [29]	2009	Swiss	4	7	15	18	CD4⁺CD25^high			<0.01
Francesco Ciccia et al. [22]	2010	Italy	4	8	18	15	CD4⁺CD25^high			<0.05
Christian Dejaco et al. [23]	2010	Austria	4	5	22	17	CD4⁺CD25^high			ns
Heiner Appel et al. [33]	2011	Germany	4	6	19	20	CD4⁺FOXP3⁺			ns
Ming-Han Chen et al. [30]	2011	Taiwan, China	4	7	23	25	CD4⁺CD25^high+			ns
Yanfeng Wu et al. [5]	2011	China	4	8	51	49	CD4⁺CD25⁺FOXP3⁺			<0.001
S-S Zhao et al. [6]	2011	China	4	8	14	18	CD4⁺CD25^highCD127^low/−			<0.001
Katayoon Bidad et al. [46]	2012	Iran	4	7	18	18	CD4⁺FOXP3⁺ RORγt⁻Tbet⁻			0.048
Leonardo Limon-Camacho et al. [11]	2012	Mexico	4	5	39	25	CD4⁺FOXP3⁺			0.01
Yong Gao et al. [34]	2012	China	4	8	40	37	CD4⁺CD25⁺FOXP3⁺			<0.05
Li Xueyi et al. [7]	2013	China	4	6	222	68	CD4⁺CD25⁺FOXP3⁺			<0.001
Lingying Ye et al. [62]	2013	China	4	6	21	22	CD4⁺CD45RO⁺FOXP3^high			<0.05
Wei Ji et al. [39]	2014	China	4	7	20	20	CD4⁺CD25⁺CD127^low			<0.05
Zhang Xin et al. [8]	2014	China	4	5	10	10	CD4⁺CD25⁺FOXP3⁺			<0.001
Hsien-Tzung Liao et al. [31]	2015	Taiwan, China	4	8	69	30	CD4⁺CD25⁺FOXP3⁺			<0.001
Yuxing Shan et al. [24]	2015	China	4	6	20	10	CD4⁺FOXP3⁺CXCR5⁺			<0.0001
Chenggong Wang et al. [35]	2015	China	4	6	45	20	CD4⁺CD25⁺FOXP3⁺			ns
Elliott TJ Dunn et al. [36]	2016	New Zealand	4	7	6	10	CD4⁺FOXP3⁺CD25^high			ns
Huifang Guo et al. [9]	2016	China	4	8	39	17	CD4⁺CD25^highFOXP3⁺			ns
Zhongliang Duan et al. [40]	2017	China	4	7	21	16	CD4⁺CD25⁺CD127^low			0.03
Zofia Gula et al. [37]	2017	Poland	4	7	48	23	CD4⁺FOXP3⁺			ns
Dan Xu et al. [25]	2017	China	4	7	17	93	CD4⁺CD25⁺FOXP3⁺			<0.01
Mingfei Wang et al. [10]	2018	China	4	7	26	26	CD4⁺CD25⁺ FOXP3⁺CD127⁻			<0.05
Mohammad Javad Fattahietal [38].	2018	Iran	4	7	30	15	CD4⁺CD25⁺FOXP3⁺			0.45
Renfang Han et al. [21]	2018	China	4	6	40	40	CD8⁺CD122⁺			<0.05
Sonja Dulic et al. [41]	2018	Hungary	4	8	22	10	CD4⁺CD25⁺CD127^–			ns

AS: ankylosing spondylitis; HD: healthy donors. ^aEvidence level (EL) of each study was based on Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011. ^bQuality () of each study was based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality.