Bifidobacterium lactis BB-12 Attenuates Macrophage Aging Induced by D-Galactose and Promotes M2 Macrophage Polarization

Figure 4

Effects of D-gal on polarity of J774A.1 macrophages. The IL-6 (a), IL-12 (b), and IL-10 (c) levels were assayed by ELISA. The results showed that the IL-6 concentrations in the 1.0 and 10.0 g/L D-gal groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (, , ). The IL-12 concentrations in the 10.0 g/L D-gal group increased compared with those in the control group (, ). The IL-10 level increased in the 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 g/L D-gal groups compared with that in the control group (, , ). However, the IL-10 level in the 10.0 g/L D-gal group significantly decreased compared with that in the 0.1 g/L D-gal group (, ). (d) qPCR analysis of the relative expression level of Arg-1 mRNA. GAPDH was used as an internal control. The Arg-1 mRNA expression level in the 1.0 and 10.0 g/L D-gal groups was gradually lower than that in the 0.1 g/L D-gal group (, , ).

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