Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy: The Importance of Dendritic Cell Migration

Table 1

Clinical trials of DC-based autoimmune diseases treatments.

Conditions	NCT number	Study title	Interventions	Phases	Study status	Enrollment	Study results
Multiple sclerosis	NCT02618902	A “Negative” dendritic cell-based vaccine for the treatment of multiple sclerosis: a first-in-human clinical trial	Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs)	Phase 1	Unknown	9	No
	NCT05451069	Neurofilament light chain, chitinase-3 like-1 proteins, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells in multiple sclerosis	Neurofilament light chain, chitinase-3 like-1 protein levels,; tolerogenic plasmacytoid dendritic cells	N/A	Not yet recruiting	42	No
	NCT02903537	Tolerogenic dendritic cells as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of multiple sclerosis patients (TOLERVIT-MS)	Autologous VitD3 tolerogenic monocyte-derived dendritic cells loaded with a pool of myelin peptides (tolDC-VitD3), interferon (IFN)-β	Phase 1	Recruiting	16	No
	NCT04530318	Dendritic cell therapy combined with immunomodulatory treatment in multiple sclerosis	Autologous peripheral blood differentiated adult dendritic cells expanded	Phase 2	Recruiting	45	No
Multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica	NCT02283671	Treatment of multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica with regulatory dendritic cell: clinical trial phase 1B	tolDCs loaded with myelin peptides	Phase 1	Completed	20	No
Rheumatoid arthritis	NCT03337165	Autologous tolerogenic dendritic cells for treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis	tolDCs	Phase 1	Completed	10	No
	NCT01352858	Autologous tolerogenic dendritic cells for rheumatoid arthritis (AutoDECRA)	tolDCs, arthroscopy, saline irrigation alone	Phase 1	Unknown	15	No
	NCT05251870	Tolerogenic dendritic cell therapy for rheumatoid arthritis	Autologous mature tolerogenic monocyte-derived dendritic cells loaded with the B29 peptide of HSP70	Phase 1/; phase 2	Recruiting	18	No
Type 1 diabetes mellitus	NCT05207995	The treatment of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus with autologous tolerogenic dendritic cells	Autologous tolerogenic dendritic cells	Phase 1/; phase 2	Not yet recruiting	30	No
	NCT01947569	Dendritic cells for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) therapy	Immunoregulatory dendritic cells (iDCs)	Phase 1/; phase 2	Unknown	90	No
	NCT00445913	Autologous dendritic cell therapy for type 1 diabetes suppression: a safety study	Diabetes-suppressive dendritic cell vaccine	Phase 1	Completed	10	No
	NCT02354911	Autologous immunoregulatory dendritic cells for type 1 diabetes therapy	iDCs	Phase 2	Unknown	24	No
	NCT04590872	An immunotherapy vaccine (PIpepTolDC) for the treatment of patients with type 1 diabetes	tolDCs vaccine	Phase 1	Recruiting	7	No