Transcatheter Atrial Septal Defect Closure in Children with and without Fluoroscopy: A Comparison

Table 1

Patients demographics and characteristics in the fluoroscopy group (n=238) and the TOE group (n=159). Preinterventionally, there were no significant group differences. BSA = body surface area, ASD = atrial septal defect, IQR = interquartile range.

Variables	Fluoroscopy Group	TOE Group	p value
Patient Characteristics
Male, n (%)	97 (41%)	56 (35%)	p = 0.267
Age [y], median (IQR)	6.1 (3.8-10.6)	5.7 (4.1-9.6)	p = 0.632
Weight [kg], median (IQR)	20 (16-35)	19 (16-31)	p = 0.745
Number of ASDs
One, n (%)	180 (76%)	129 (81%)	p = 0.070
Two, n (%)	26 (11%)	7 (4%)
Multiperforated, n (%)	32 (13%)	23 (15%)
ASD Rim
Short/deficient, n (%)	86 (43%)	74 (49%)	p = 0.263
Sufficient, n (%)	114 (57%)	77 (51%)
Preintervention ASD diameter [mm], mean (SD)	12.4 (4.4)	12.2 (3.9)	p = 0.564
Intraprocedural ASD diameter [mm], mean (SD)	13.5 (5.0)	12.3 (4.0)	p = 0.012