The Reproductive Biology of the Softshell Clam, Mya arenaria, in Ireland, and the Possible Impacts of Climate Variability

Table 2

The timing of spawning seasons, by latitude, of European Mya arenaria reported in the literature.

Area	Latitude	Tidal level	Spawning	Month	Authors
Oslofjord, Norway	59^°91^′N 10^°37^′ E	Intertidal	Biannual	June and September	Winther and Gray, 1985 [20]
West coast of Sweden	57^°37^′ N 35^°51^′ E	Intertidal	Annual	June/July	Möller and Rosenberg, 1983 [18]
Wadden Sea	55^°00^′ N 6^°7^′ W	Intertidal	Annual	May/June	Günther, 1992 [16]
Dutch Wadden Sea	55^°00^′ N 6^°7^′ W	Subtidal and Intertidal	Annual	July–November	Cardoso et al., 2009 [17]
Denmark	55^°55^′ N 12^°0^′ E	Subtidal	Annual	May/June	Munch-Petersen, 1973 [19]
S.E. Ireland	52^°13^′ N 06^°47^′ W	Intertidal	Annual	August/September	Current paper
S.E. England	50^°37^′ N 4^°25^′ W	Intertidal	Biannual	March and late Summer	Warwick and Price, 1975 [21]
Black Sea	42^°30^′ N 35^°00^′ E	N/A	Annual	Late May	Began, 1979 [15]