Review Article

Genetically Encoded Libraries of Nonstandard Peptides

Figure 1

Generation of genetically encoded libraries of nonstandard peptides. (a) Genetic code expansion. Nonproteinogenic amino acids are assigned to the amber codon and four-base codons. (b) Reprogramming the genetic code. Nonproteinogenic amino acids are reassigned to blank codons generated by reconstructing a cell-free translation system with a reduced number of amino acids and protein factors. ( –9) represents one of the nonproteinogenic amino acids.
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(a)   Genetic code expansion (amber codon, 4-base codon)
713510.fig.001b
(b) Genetic code reprogramming (blank codon)