Potential of Peptides as Inhibitors and Mimotopes: Selection of Carbohydrate-Mimetic Peptides from Phage Display Libraries

Table 3

Summary of the selection of CMPs with glycolipid-binding antibodies.

Target antibodies	Name of antibody	Peptide library	Peptide motif or representative sequences (peptide name)	Glycolipid structures	References	Notes*
Anti-Lc4Cer; anti-nLc4Cer	AD117m; H11	X15	VPPXFXXXY	Gal𝛽1-3GlcNAc𝛽1-3Gal𝛽1-4Glc𝛽1-1′Cer; Gal𝛽1-4GlcNAc𝛽1-3Gal𝛽1-4Glc𝛽1-1′Cer	[46]	Modulation of 𝛽-galactosidase activity
Anti-GD1𝛼	KA17	X15	WHWRHRIPLQLAAGR	Neu5Ac𝛼2-3Gal𝛽1-3(Neu5Ac𝛼2-6)GalNAc𝛽1-4Gal𝛽1-4Glc𝛽1-1′Cer	[47, 48]	Inhibition of metastasis; peptide-liposome
Anti-asialo GM1	clone 10	X7, CX7C	KL/VWQXXX	Gal𝛽1-3GalNAc𝛽1-4Gal𝛽1-4Glc𝛽1-1′Cer	[49]	(Phage ELISA only)
Anti-GD3/GD2	ME36.1	X15	WRY-containing peptide; and so forth	Neu5Ac𝛼2-8Neu5Ac𝛼2-3Gal𝛽1-4Glc𝛽1-1′Cer; GalNAc𝛽1-4(Neu5Ac𝛼2-8Neu5Ac𝛼2-3)Gal𝛽1-4Glc𝛽1-1′Cer	[36, 50, 51]	Octameric MAP-QS21/KLH
Anti-GD2	14.18	CX10C	CDGGWLSKGSWC; CGRLKMVPDLEC	GalNAc𝛽1-4(Neu5Ac𝛼2-8Neu5Ac𝛼2-3)Gal𝛽1-4Glc𝛽1-1′Cer	[52–54]	Docking study; peptide-KLH
	14G2a	X15	EDPSHSLGLDVALFM		[55, 56]	Molecular modeling; DNA vaccine; induction of CD8^+ T cell response
	14G2a	XCX8CX	RCNPNMEPPRCF		[57, 58]	Inhibition of antibody binding to IMR-32 cells
Anti-GD3	4F6	X15	LAPPRPRSELVFLSV (GD3P4)	Neu5Ac𝛼2-8Neu5Ac𝛼2-3Gal𝛽1-4Glc𝛽1-1′Cer	[59]	Peptide-VSSP
Anti-Gb3Cer	—	X12	WHWTWLSEY	Gal𝛼1-4Gal𝛽1-4Glc𝛽1-1′Cer	[60]	Neutralization of Shiga toxin
Anti-Neu5Gc-containing ganglioside (Neu5Gc-GM3)	1E10; chimeric P3; 1E10	X9, X12	KPPR, RRPR/K; LEICSYTPDEGC; KCGHHYCRQVDL	Neu5Gc𝛼2-3Gal𝛽1-4Glc𝛽1-1′Cer	[61, 62]	Inhibition of 1E10 binding to P3
Anti-phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I)	III603.8	X7	W(T/R)LGPY(V/M)	Mycobacterium leprae-specific antigen	[63]	Does not bind to antibodies in serum

* MAP: multiple antigen peptide; VSSP: very small size proteoliposomes.