The Effect of Lipoic Acid Therapy on Cognitive Functioning in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
Table 1
Demographic and clinical features of 128 patients with Alzheimer's disease with/or without diabetes mellitus (T2-DM).
AD with T2-DM (group A) = 61
AD without T2-DM (group B) = 65
Age; years, M (SD)
72 (6.8)
74.2 (5.7)
.32
Sex (M/F)
22/39
29/36
.05
MMSE score; M (SD)
20.7 (4.4)
21.8 (4.9)
.32
MADRS score
15.8
16.3
.42
Smokers; , %
12; 20
18; 28
.09
Educational level; years, M (SD)
10.6 (4.5)
11.7 (5.4)
.21
Disease duration; years, M (SD):
(a) Alzheimer disease
5.3 (2.1)
4.9 (2.8)
.12
(b) Diabetes Mellitus
7.8 (3.7)
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Anti-Alzheimer drugs: n; %
(a) Donezepil
21; 34
19; 29
.23
(b) Rivastigmine
28; 46
26; 40
.18
(c) Galantamine
3; 4
3; 4.6
.24
(d) Memantine
4; 6
3; 4.6
.43
Antipsychotic use: n; %
(a) Total
21
27
.09
(b) Atypical antipsychotic
10; 16
15; 23
.06
(c) Typical antipsychotic
11; 12
11; 18
.12
Concomitant diseases
(a) Total pathologies
56
30
.001
(b) Past
25
13
.03
(c) Current
31
17
.02
Current Pathologies
(a) Hypertension
20
10
.02
(b) Hypercholesterolemia
11
7
.08
Regresses pathologies
(a) Ischemic heart disease
13
9
.05
(b) Others pathologies
12
4
.02
MMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination; MADRS: Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale. Values are expressed as mean (SD) unless otherwise indicated. P value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
