The Effect of Lipoic Acid Therapy on Cognitive Functioning in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
Table 3
Changes from baseline in neuropsychological measures after 8 months (V2) and 16 months of followup (V3) in patients of groups A and B.
Change in Score from Baseline
8 months
16 months
AD with T2-DM Group A
AD without T2-DM Group B
P
AD with T2-DM Group A
AD without T2-DM Group B
MMSE
.001
MMSE (; %)
(i) Improvement
26; 43
13; 20
.001
26; 43
15; 23
.003
(ii) Unchanged
12; 38
22; 34
.003
15; 24
24; 37
.001
(iii) Worsening
12; 20
30; 46
.001
20; 33
26; 40
.05
ADAS-Cog original; M (SD)
0.17 (3.4)
0.95 (3.8)
.001
2.2 (4.9)
2.9 (5.4)
.05
ADAS-Cog modified; M (SD)
−0.59 (4.7)
0.27 (4.9)
.001
1.9 (5.7)
2.5 (6.9)
.002
CIBIC-Plus Category (; %)
(i) Improvement
24; 39
20; 31
.05
29; 47
21; 32
.001
(ii) Unchanged
16; 26
21; 32
.05
11; 18
15; 23
.09
(iii) Worsening
21; 34
24; 37
.22
21; 34
29; 45
.08
CDR sum; M (SD)
0.50 (1.2)
0.75 (1.46)
.09
1.5 (1.7)
1.67 (2.2)
.39
ADFACS; M (SD)
0.53 (0.38)
1.56 (0.42)
.002
0.37 (0.4)
1.6 (0.4)
.002
IADL; M (SD)
0.87 (0.32)
0.13 (0.27)
.002
0.9 (0.37)
0.03 (0.3)
.001
ADAS-Cog: Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale, cognitive subscale; CIBIS: Clinician's Interview-Based Impression of Severity; CDR: Clinical Dementia rating; ADFACS: Alzheimer's Disease Functional and Change Scale; ADL: Activities of Daily Living. Values are expressed as mean standard deviation (SD) unless otherwise indicated. Value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant, after adjusting for confounding variables (sex, serum lipid, triglycerides, BMI, WC, HOMA value, ischemic heart disease, and hypertension).
