Multiswitching Synchronization of a Driven Hyperchaotic Circuit Using Active Backstepping

Figure 7

Error dynamics for the unified and periodically forced Van der Pol-Duffing oscillator of the system state for 𝑁=5 with controller defined in (33) when the control was activated at 𝑡=50 for (a) 𝑒₅₁, (b) 𝑒₅₂, and (c) 𝑒₅₃.

(a)

(b)

(c)