The Origin of Nanoscopic Grooving on Vesicle Walls in Submarine Basaltic Glass: Implications for Nanotechnology

Figure 8

A comparison of traditional optical lithography techniques (a)–(f) used in the fabrication of integrated circuits [43] to a proposed new method of nanolithography based on high-viscosity contrast fluid mechanical grooving at glass transition temperatures in the SiO₂ layer (g)–(i).