Intra/Inter-Particle Energy Transfer of Luminescence Nanocrystals for Biomedical Applications

Figure 3

Different UCNP nanocomposites and applications. (a) Triple-modal UCL/FL/MRI nanocomposite: UCNPs for UCL, dye for FL, and iron oxide for MRI; DOX for therapeutic drug. (b) The biotin-avidin affinity system modulates FRET via the quench of UCNPs emission by gold nanoparticles. (c) Photodynamic therapy in deep tissue: both NIR excitation of UCNPs and X-ray irradiation of scintillation nanoparticles can generate visible light, which further synergistically activates photosensitizers in proximity to generate cytotoxic singlet oxygen for cancer treatment.