3D Self-Supported Nanoarchitectured Arrays Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Table 1

A summary of optimizing various electrode materials and suitable strategies to construct 3DSNAEs on various current collector substrates.

3DSANEs	Collector	Materials	Growth method	Remark
Cathode	Al	V2O5 [69], LiCoO2 [70]	Template-based chemical or physical deposition	Needing complicated synthesis techniques
		Sn-doped In2O3 (ITO)	V2O5-TiO2 [68], InVO4 [71]	Chemical or physical deposition
Anode	Cu	CNTs [72], Si [73], metal (Sn, Bi) [74, 75], MO (M = Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni) [65, 76–78], alloy (SnCo [79], NiSn [18, 80, 81], SiGe [82]), Cu2S [83], Cu3P [84], Sn/graphene [85]	Template-based chemical or physical deposition
				Solution-based growth
		Ni	Ni3S2 [60], MnO2 [86], Co3O4 [87]	Electrodeposition, solution-based growth
		Fe-based alloy	MO (M = Sn, Fe, Zn) [88–90]	Hydrothermal, solution-based growth
	Gold	SnO2 [91], CNT-MnO2 [92], SnCo [93]	Template-based chemical or physical deposition	Needing complicated synthesis techniques
Cathode or anode	The stainless steel	CNTs [94], Ge [95], Si [37, 96–99], CNT-Si [100], Si/Cu [101], SnO2 [47], ITO/TiO2 [102], Ni/MnO2 [103], Fe2O3/SnO2 [104], V2O5/SnO2 [44], CNTs-LiCoO2 (LiMn2O4) [105], CNTs-LiCoPO4 [106, 107]	Chemical/physical vapor deposition	Needing high temperature
	Ti	V2O5 [108], MO (M = Ti, Co, Fe, Sn) [49, 50, 62, 109]	Anodization, hydro/solvothermal, Solution-based growth	It is a hope for large scale preparation
	Si	V2O5 [45], Si [56], Si/NiO [110], MnO2 [111], Cu2O [112], Sn [113]	Chemical/physical deposition, etching	Needing complicated synthesis techniques