The Use of Nanoscaled Fibers or Tubes to Improve Biocompatibility and Bioactivity of Biomedical Materials

Figure 1

Schematic illustration of the possible mechanism by which nanomaterials may be superior to conventional materials when used for tissue regeneration. The high aspect ratio and surface area of nanomaterials enable them to concentrate specific proteins or enzymes to stimulate corresponding cell attachment, differentiation, or growth, performing desired functions, generating appropriate beneficial cellular or tissue response in the specific situations, improving the biocompatibility and bioactivity of the materials. The high aspect ratio and surface area of some nanotubes efficiently induce specific protein adsorption, which promotes cellular functions and thereby achieve new bone formation.