Research Article
Assessment of Novel Synthetized Nanozirconium Tungstovanadate as Cation Exchanger for Lead Ion Decontamination
Table 1
Effect of synthesis parameters on the ion exchange capacity (IEC) of zirconium tungstovanadate.
| () Molar ratio of the reactants | Sample | Zirconium oxychloride (M) | Sodium tungstate (M) | Ammonium metavanadate (M) | Volume ratio (v/v) | IEC (meq/g) | Yield (g) |
| S1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1.5 : 1 : 1 | 1.2 | 4.66 | S2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1.5 : 1 : 1 | 1.1 | 2.1 | S3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 1.5 : 1 : 1 | 1.15 | 2.15 | S4 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 1.5 : 1 : 1 | 1.9 | 6.2 | S5 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1.5 : 1 : 1 | 1.5 | 5.5 |
| () HCl concentration | Sample | HCL conc. (M) | IEC (meq/g) | Yield (g) |
| S4 | 0 | 1.9 | 6.2 | S6 | 0.01 | 2.5 | 9.6 | S7 | 0.05 | 2. 5 | 2.7 | S8 | 0.1 | 2. 3 | 1.6 | S9 | 0.2 | 2 | 1.5 | S10 | 0.4 | 1.9 | 1 | S11 | 0.5 | No precipitate | — |
| () Gelation temperature | Sample | Temperature (°C) | IEC (meq/g) | Yield (g) |
| S6 | 25°C | 2.5 | 9.6 | S12 | 40°C | 2.35 | 8.6 | S13 | 50°C | 2.31 | 8.2 | S14 | 60°C | 2.25 | 8.6 | S15 | 80°C | 2.25 | 7.5 |
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