Enhanced Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with Graphene/ZnO Nanoparticles Bilayer Structure

<table class="table-group" id="tab2"><tr><td><table class="table"><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td align="left"> </td><td align="center">ITO/TiO<sub>2</sub></td><td align="center">ITO/ZnO nanoparticle/TiO<sub>2</sub></td><td align="center">ITO/graphene/ZnO nanoparticle/TiO<sub>2</sub></td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td align="left"><svg height="15.4" id="M20" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 18.012501 15.4" width="18.012501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,7.825,15.187)"><path d="M319 325l-25 -7q-33 99 -103 99q-29 0 -47 -19.5t-18 -49.5t22 -49.5t62 -36.5q63 -26 95 -57t32 -79q0 -64 -50 -101t-115 -37q-35 0 -67.5 10.5t-46.5 23.5q-5 11 -11 51t-6 67l27 5q14 -53 46.5 -88.5t75.5 -35.5q29 0 50 19.5t21 50.5t-19.5 51.5t-59.5 39.5
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</svg> (mA/cm<sup>2</sup>)</td><td align="center">6.9</td><td align="center">11.3</td><td align="center">17.5</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><svg height="15.4" id="M21" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 24.575001 15.4" width="24.575001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg> (V)</td><td align="center">0.5</td><td align="center">0.45</td><td align="center">0.5</td></tr><tr><td align="left">F.F.</td><td align="center">0.419</td><td align="center">0.473</td><td align="center">0.456</td></tr><tr><td align="left">Efficiency</td><td align="center">1.45</td><td align="center">2.4</td><td align="center">3.98</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="4"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

Parameters of TiO<sub>2</sub> DSSCs with and without the graphene and ZnO nanoparticle film, fabricated on bare ITO glass substrate.

Journal of Nanomaterials

tab2

Table 2

Table 2: Enhanced Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with Graphene/ZnO Nanoparticles Bilayer Structure 