Upconversion luminescence and Visible-Infrared Properties of β-NaLuF₄:Er³⁺ Microcrystals Synthesized by the Surfactant-Assisted Hydrothermal Method

Table 1

Summary of morphologies and their corresponding detailed experimental conditions of samples^a.

Sample	Agents	Agents/Recl3; molar ratio	Phase	Morphology	Mean size (𝜇m)	Graph
S1	EDTA	1 : 1	Hexagonal	Hexagonal prisms	L: 9	Figure 2(a)
S2	EDTA	2 : 1	Hexagonal	Hexagonal prisms	L: 3.5	Figure 2(b)
S3	EDTA	3 : 1	Hexagonal	Hexagonal prisms	L: 1	Figure 2(c)
S4	PVP	1 : 1	Hexagonal	Tubes with cracks	H: 10	Figure 2(d)
S5	PVP	2 : 1	Hexagonal	Tubes with cracks	H: 5	Figure 2(e)
S6	PVP	3 : 1	Hexagonal	Irregular hexagonal tubes	H: 1.5	Figure 2(f)
S7	Ct^3−	1 : 1	Orthorhombic; (LuF3)	Spheres	D: 3.5	Figure 2(g)
S8	Ct^3−	2 : 1	Hexagonal	Spheres with coarse surface	D: 2	Figure 2(h)
S9	Ct^3−	3 : 1	Hexagonal	Perfect disks	D: 1.5	Figure 2(i)

D: diameter; H: height; L: side length.
^aAll samples were hydrothermally treated at 190°C for 24 h.