Controlled Orientation and Improved Photovoltaic Characteristics of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ Solar Cells via Using In₂Se₃ Seeding Layers

Figure 2

X-ray diffraction patterns of Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ films employing the seeding layers (a) without selenization and selenized at (b) 300°C, (c) 400°C, and (d) 500°C. The inset refers to the relation between the intensity ratio of the (112) peak to the (220/204) peak and the seeding layers that were selenized at varied temperatures.