Enhanced Efficiency of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells by Trace Amount Ca-Doping in TiO₂ Photoelectrodes

Figure 2

EIS of DSSCs based on the undoped and Ca-doped TiO₂ photoanodes measured in the illumination at the applied bias of (a) Nyquist plots and (b) Bode phase plots.

(a)

(b)