Development of a Hybrid Chitosan- and Niacinamide-Coupled ZnO Nanoparticle Composite for Sun Protection Application

Table 4

SPF timed mean study of ZnO, CS/ZnO, and Nia/ZnO.

	SPF mean	(UVA)	(UVB)	Lambda critical
ZnO 0 min	4.06	0.3023	0.2769	383.2
ZnO 15 min	4.11	0.3019	0.2762	383.1
CS/ZnO 0 min	1.15	0.9325	0.8869	355.3
CS/ZnO 15 min	1.18	0.9293	0.8823	356
Nia/ZnO 0 min	8.83	0.1653	0.1184	380.3
Nia/ZnO 15 min	9.96	0.1658	0.1187	380.2