The Acute Impact of Ingestion of Sourdough and Whole-Grain Breads on Blood Glucose, Insulin, and Incretins in Overweight and Obese Men

Figure 4

Fasting and postprandial insulin responses to the ingestion of a consistent amount of the test breads. Test bread was ingested after collection of fasting blood sample at time point −15 min. Data are means. Standard errors are not included for clarity, 𝑛=11. Significant overall treatment effects were found in insulin response to the breads (sprouted-grain bread was lower than 12-grain (𝑃<0.03) bread, and 12-grain bread was lower than sourdough (𝑃<0.001) and white (𝑃<0.001) breads).