Review Article
Health Implications of High Dietary Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
Table 2
Proinflammatory effects of n-6 fatty-acid-derived eicosanoids and anti-inflammatory effects of the n-3 fatty-acid-derived eicosanoids.
| Proinflammatory effects of the n-6 fatty-acid-derived eicosanoids |
| | Arachidonic acid (n-6) derived eicosanoids | Physiological effects | Organs or cells |
|
Prostaglandins | PGD2 | Bronchoconstriction Proinflammatory | Bronchi Activation of eosinophils | PGE2 | Proarrhythmic Induces fever Causes pain Increases production of IL-6 | Vessels
Nociceptor sensory neurons | PGF2 | Bronchoconstriction | Bronchi | PGI2 | Proarrhythmic | Vessels | Causes pain | Nociceptor sensory neurons |
|
Thromboxanes | TXA2 | Proaggregation Vasoconstriction Bronchoconstriction | Platelets Vessels Bronchi | TXB2 | Proaggregation Vasoconstriction Bronchoconstriction | Platelets Vessels Bronchi |
|
Leukotrienes | LTA4 | | | LTB4 | Proinflammatory Chemotaxis Release of reactive oxygen species | Leukocytes Leukocytes Granulocytes | LTC4 | | | LTD4 | | | LTE4 | | |
| Anti-inflammatory effects of the n-3 fatty-acid-derived eicosanoids |
| | EPA and DHA (n-3) derived eicosanoids | Physiological effects | Organs or cells |
| Prostaglandins | PGD3 | | | PGE3 | Antiarrhythmic | Vessels | PGF3 | | | PGI3 | Antiarrhythmic | Vessels |
| Thromboxanes | TXA3 | Antiaggregation | Platelets | TXB3 | Antiaggregation | Platelets |
| Leukotrienes | LTA5 | | | LTB5 | Anti-inflammatory | Leukocytes | LTC5 | | | LTD5 | | | LTE5 | | |
| Resolvins | RVE1 | Antiaggregation Anti-inflammatory | Platelets Dendritic cells | RVD | Anti-inflammatory | |
| Neuroprotectin | NPD1 | Anti-inflammatory Antiapoptotic Decreases oxidative stress | Retina (photoreceptor cells) and brain |
|
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Data elaborated from [21, 37ā39].
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