Review Article
Is the Macronutrient Intake of Formula-Fed Infants Greater Than Breast-Fed Infants in Early Infancy?
Table 4
Protein concentration in breast milk (g/100 mL).
| | Study | Colostrum
1–5 days
(g/100 mL) | Transition
6–14 days
(g/100 mL) | Mature
>14 days*
(g/100 mL) | | Population |
| | [19] | | | 1.2 ± 0.1 |
13
| USA | | [22] | 3.0 ± 0.2 | | 1.2 ± 0.1 | | Venezuela | | [52] | 6.5 ± 0.7 | | |
15
| Taiwan | | [23] | | 1.9 ± 0.0 | |
69
| Italy | | [53] | 1.4 ± 0.1 | | |
16
| Australia | | [54] | 3.8 ± 1.5 | 1.7 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | | USA | | [24] | | | 1.4 ± 0.1 |
13
| USA | | [26] | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.5 ± 0.1 | | USA | | [27] | 2.2 ± 0.1 | | 1.4 ± 0.1 | | Japan | | [45] | | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 |
15
| Sweden | | [55] | 2.4 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.0 | | USA | | [30] | 3.0 ± 0.2 | | 1.6 ± 0.0 | | Peru | | [31] | | | 1.1 ± 0.0 |
18
| Australia | | [46] | | | 1.8 ± 0.1 |
7
| USA | | [32] | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 1.3 ± 0.1 |
41
| India | | [47] | 3.5 ± 0.2 | 2.5 ± 0.2 | 2.1 ± 0.2 | | USA | | [34] | | 2.0 ± 0.0 | 1.5 ± 0.0 | | Finland | | [56] | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 1.4 ± 0.0 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | | Spain | | [35] | | | 1.2 ± 0.0 |
41
| North China | | [36] | 3.1 ± 1.3 | 1.8 ± 0.0 | 1.4 ± 0.1 | | Netherlands | | [38] | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 1.9 ± 0.1 | 1.7 ± 0.0 | | Japan | | Meta-analysis results | | | | | |
|
|
Reported as mean ± SEM.
*Mature milk > 14 days and <6 weeks.
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