Pomegranate Polyphenols Lower Lipid Peroxidation in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes but Have No Effects in Healthy Volunteers: A Pilot Study

Table 4

Effects of POMx supplementation on safety parameters¹.

Variables	Healthy controls (𝑛=9)		T2DM subjects (𝑛=8)
	Screen	Week 4	Screen	Week 4
Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L)	21.78±4.29	25.33±6.82^∗	30.00±9.71	30.75±9.42
Alanine aminotransferase (U/L)	25.33±8.23	27.22±11.94	36.88±13.47	33.13±10.05^∗
Alkaline phosphatase (U/L)	72.89±8.23	74.22±24.79	91.50±17.96	87.50±11.07
Bilirubin, total (mg/dL)	0.43±0.26	0.39±0.24	0.33±0.10	0.43±0.18
Total protein (g/dL)	6.94±0.32	6.96±0.38	7.15±0.33	7.23±0.44
Albumin (g/dL)	4.18±0.31	4.20±0.25	4.14±0.32	4.19±0.32
Globulin (g/dL)	2.78±0.29	2.76±0.22	3.00±0.21	3.05±0.21
Albumin/globulin ratio	1.51±0.20	1.53±0.14	1.40±0.17	1.38±0.12
Sodium (mEq/L)	139.78±1.79	139.89±2.67	140.38±3.02	140.50±2.73
Potassium (mEq/L)	4.28±0.42	4.21±0.31	4.25±0.18	4.25±0.37
Chloride (mEq/L)	106.56±2.60	107.56±1.67	105.00±1.20	105.50±1.31
Calcium (mg/dL)	9.60±0.46	9.40±0.44	9.51±0.52	9.49±0.39
Thyroxine (T4) (ug/dL)	6.91±1.55	6.42±1.47	8.14±2.20	7.70±1.55
T3 Uptake (%)	31.22±3.31	31.56±3.48	29.10±1.70	30.79±2.75
Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL)	12.11±2.67	13.00±4.12	15.25±3.92	15.50±2.93
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.82±0.20	0.80±0.15	0.83±0.18	0.86±0.18
Blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio	14.93±2.72	16.28±5.01	18.39±2.71	18.64±5.40
White blood cell (K/mm^3)	5.17±0.77	5.09±1.18	7.89±2.01	7.40±1.80
Red blood cell (M/mm^3)	4.45±0.32	4.49±0.33	4.78±0.25	4.74±0.28
Hemoglobin (gm/dL)	13.74±0.90	13.86±0.91	13.69±0.69	13.58±0.71
Hematocrit (%)	40.87±2.82	40.92±2.51	41.23±2.30	40.84±2.28
Platelet count (K/mm^3)	271.22±59.16	269.78±63.44	259.00±70.07	276.13±55.24

1Data are mean ± SD.
∗Significantly different from baseline (𝑃<0.05); T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus.